Ujian gen berkaitan neoplasma malignan
gambaran keseluruhan
Ujian genetik berkaitan neoplasma ganas (kanser) ialah kaedah memeriksa maklumat genetik yang boleh berguna dalam mendiagnosis, merawat dan mencegah kanser. Kanser adalah penyakit di mana mutasi genetik menyebabkan sel-sel normal berkembang secara tidak terkawal dan tidak normal. Ujian genetik ini membolehkan kita memahami ciri-ciri setiap kanser individu dan membangunkan pelan rawatan yang lebih diperibadikan.
Proses pemeriksaan
Cari institusi perubatan yang menjalankan ujian yang anda inginkan. Sila buat temu janji, terima kaunseling genetik, dan serahkan borang kebenaran sebelum sampel anda dikumpulkan. Keputusan akan dihantar kepada anda melalui e-mel. Jika perlu, kaunseling genetik akan diulang.
Faedah mengadakan pemeriksaan
Jika anda mempunyai sejarah keluarga atau sejarah perubatan neoplasma malignan, anda akan mengetahui sama ada anda mempunyai kecenderungan genetik untuk membangunkan neoplasma malignan, yang membolehkan anda mengambil langkah pencegahan terlebih dahulu.
Bagaimana jika ujian itu positif?
Kami amat mengesyorkan agar anda sentiasa memeriksa kehadiran sebenar neoplasma malignan dengan menggunakan ujian pengimejan (CT, MRI, PET, dll.) dan ujian darah (penanda tumor kanser, dll.). Mengetahui nama-nama gen yang terlibat akan membolehkan pemeriksaan yang lebih disasarkan.
Prosedur Pemeriksaan
DNA dikumpulkan dari bahagian dalam mukosa pipi menggunakan alat pengumpulan DNA khas.
Laporan ujian (cth. kanser secara umum)
Masa yang diperlukan untuk pemeriksaan
Ia akan mengambil masa kira-kira empat minggu dari masa sampel dikumpulkan.
Soalan Lazim
1.Di mana saya boleh menerimanya?
Ujian ini boleh dilakukan di mana-mana klinik yang bergabung dengan Makmal Kesihatan Metropolitan Tokyo.
2.Bilakah saya boleh menerimanya?
Sila pilih tarikh dan masa apabila anda boleh mendapatkan ujian daripada senarai klinik yang menawarkan ujian.
3.Bagaimana untuk mengambil sampel?
daripada mukosa bukal.
4.Adakah terdapat kes di mana keputusan ujian tidak tersedia?
Jarang sekali ia tidak boleh diuji.
5.Bolehkah saya mendapatkan kaunseling genetik?
Kami mempunyai pakar genetik mengenai kakitangan yang boleh dirujuk atas permintaan. Walau bagaimanapun, akan ada bayaran tambahan. Terdapat caj setiap jam.
Nota
- Tafsiran dan Kaunseling:
- Keputusan ujian genetik adalah kompleks dan memerlukan pengetahuan khusus. Sokongan kaunselor genetik atau pakar adalah penting untuk mentafsir dan memberi kaunseling keputusan.
- Pertimbangan etika dan sosial:
- Ujian genetik juga melibatkan cabaran etika dan sosial, seperti melindungi privasi maklumat genetik dan mencegah diskriminasi apabila memohon insurans.
Senarai penyakit yang boleh diperiksa untuk setiap panel
Jenis gen yang boleh diuji untuk setiap panel
Nama ujian | Bilangan gen | APC | ATM | BAP1 | BARD1 | BMPR1A | BRCA1 | BRCA2 | BRIP1 | CDH1 | CDK4 | CDKN2A | CDKN2Ap16 (INK4A) | CDKN2Ap14 (ARF) | CHEK2 | DDB2 | DICER1 | EPCAM | ERCC1 | ERCC2 | ERCC3 | ERCC4 | ERCC5 | FANCA | FANCB | FANCC | FANCD2 | FANCE | FANCF | FANCG | FANCI | FANCL | FANCM | GREM1 | HOXB13 | MEN1 | MLH1 | MRE11 | MSH2 | MSH6 | MUTYH | NBN | PALB2 | PMS2 | POLD1 | POLE | POLH | PTEN | RAD50 | RAD51C | RAD51D | RB1 | RET | SDHAF2 | SDHB | SDHC | SDHD | SLX4 | SMAD4 | SMARCA4 | STK11 | TP53 | VHL | XPA | XPC |
Set Kanser Am | 62 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | |
Kanser payudara, kanser ginekologi | 26 | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | |
Kanser payudara, kanser ginekologi (berasaskan garis panduan) | 19 | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × |
Kanser payudara (risiko tinggi) | 7 | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × |
BRCA1/BRCA2 berkaitan | 2 | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Kanser kolorektal | 17 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × |
Kanser kolorektal berisiko tinggi | 10 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × |
Kanser kolorektal (tidak berkaitan dengan polip) | 5 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Kanser kolon (berkaitan polip) | 7 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × |
Berkaitan leukemia | 24 | × | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × |
Kanser perut | 14 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × |
Kanser prostat | 15 | × | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × |
Kanser pankreas | 17 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × |
Kanser buah pinggang | 13 | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | × | × |
Xeroderma pigmentosum | 9 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 |
Melanoma keluarga | 7 | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × |
Tumor sel coklat | 6 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × |
Kanser paratiroid | 1 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Kanser tiroid | 1 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | 〇 | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |