Advanced medical treatment for prostate cancer.

Advanced medical treatment for prostate cancer incorporates the latest technologies and therapies, in addition to conventional surgery, radiotherapy and hormone therapy, which are more effective and have fewer side effects. Here are some of the main advanced medical approaches and technologies for prostate cancer.

1. Robot-assisted surgery (da Vinci surgery)

Abstract: Robotic-assisted surgery is a total prostatectomy performed using the da Vinci Surgical System.It allows for precision surgery, is less invasive and offers a faster post-operative recovery compared to conventional open surgery.
Advantages: the precision of the operation allows the prostate to be removed while protecting nerves and blood vessels, thus preserving urinary and sexual function after surgery.Recovery is also quicker due to smaller wounds, less pain and less bleeding.

2. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)

Abstract: IMRT is a treatment method that uses finely tuned doses of radiation to focus high doses of radiation on the tumor and minimize damage to the surrounding normal tissue. It is very effective in prostate cancer.
Advantages: radiation is more precise and has less impact on surrounding organs (bladder and rectum), thus reducing side-effects.It is expected to be effective as a curative treatment for prostate cancer and is used in cases of locally advanced cancer and in the absence of metastases.

3. Proton therapy (proton therapy)

Description: proton radiotherapy is an alternative to conventional X-rays and uses protons to attack cancer cells.The proton beam concentrates and releases its energy once it reaches the tumour, destroying the cancer cells with minimal impact on the surrounding normal tissue.
Advantages: because it has a low impact on normal tissue, it has a powerful therapeutic effect on cancer cells while minimizing damage to the surrounding prostate organs. Particularly effective against localized and recurrent prostate cancer.

4. Heavy particle radiotherapy

Description: heavy ion beam therapy uses carbon ions, which are heavier than proton beams, to attack cancer cells. Due to their higher energy, they have greater killing power against tumor and destroy cancer cells with less impact on normal tissue.
Benefit: It is the most powerful form of radiotherapy and is effective when surgery is difficult or for locally advanced cancers. It is also used when there is a high risk of recurrence or when prostate cancer is close to surrounding vital organs.

5. High dose rate tissue internal radiation therapy (HDR brachytherapy)

Description: HDR brachytherapy is a treatment in which a radiation source is temporarily inserted into the prostate gland to deliver high doses of radiation in a short period of time.This method allows the radiation to be delivered intensively to the cancerous tissue.
Advantages: the ability to deliver high doses directly to the tumor makes it highly effective against the tumor and less damaging to the surrounding normal tissue. When used in combination with surgery or external radiotherapy, the therapeutic effect is further improved.

6. Combined hormonal and Immunotherapy

Description: Hormone therapy for prostate cancer is a treatment that suppresses the growth of the cancer by inhibiting the action of androgens (male hormones).More recently, hormone therapy has been combined with immunotherapy in an attempt to activate the patient’s immune system to attack cancer cells.
Benefit: In combination with immunotherapy, it is expected to enhance the efficacy of advanced or metastatic cancers that are difficult to treat with hormonal therapy alone.This strengthens the immune response against cancer cells and improves the therapeutic effect.

7. Molecularly labelled therapies

Abstract: Molecular targeted therapies are treatments that act on specific molecules or genes in cancer cells. Therapies based on specific molecular or genetic abnormalities have also been developed for prostate cancer, and are particularly effective against advanced or recurrent cancers.
Advantages: works specifically on cancer cells with minimal impact on normal cells.It is characterised by low side effects and high therapeutic efficacy.

8. Immunotherapy (immune checkpoint inhibitors)

Summary: Immunotherapy is a treatment that activates a patient’s own immune system to attack cancer cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab) prevent cancer cells from evading the immune system’s attack and allow immune cells to attack the cancer.
Advantages: may be effective in advanced or recurrent cancers that do not respond to conventional therapies. It may also provide long-term therapeutic benefits due to the activation of the immune system.

9. Cancer genomic medicine

Abstract: Cancer genomic medicine is an approach that analyses the genetic information of cancer cells and provides personalized treatment based on specific genetic mutations. In prostate cancer, genetic analysis is also used to select treatment options and provide the best treatment for each individual patient.
Advantages: treatment can be personalized based on the patient’s genetic profile, thus ensuring effective treatment with fewer side effects. In addition, tailor-made treatments are expected to be tailored to the nature of each patient’s cancer.

10. High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) therapy

Description: HIFU is a treatment that focuses ultrasound waves at high intensity on a tumor to heat and destroy cancer cells. It can treat tumors non-invasively, without surgery.
Advantages: it is particularly effective for localized prostate cancer, as it does not involve incisions or radiation and destroys the cancer cells without causing any physical burden. Post-operative recovery is quicker and the treatment has less impact on daily life.

Summary

Advanced medical treatment for prostate cancer offers many options, including robot-assisted surgery, proton and heavy particle therapy, molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy. This enables treatment that is more effective and has fewer side effects than conventional therapies, and individual

The treatment is tailor-made for each patient’s condition.

New therapies such as immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy have shown efficacy against advanced and recurrent cancers, expanding the range of treatment options. When choosing a treatment, it is important to consult with a specialist thoroughly, taking into account the patient’s condition, the progression of the cancer and the genetic profile.

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